The heart failure group comprised 15 male and 13 female infants with a mean age of 2.8 ± 2.9 months, weight of 4.6 ± 1.8 kg, pulmonary artery pressure of 59.8 ± 10.1 mmHg, and NT-proBNP of 4,218.7 ± 3,757.1 pg/ml. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and heart failure.