So the controversy surrounding the effect of STZ and/or Curcumin on the spinal cord neurons, glia, Nrf2/HO-1, and NF-kB signaling may be due to the difference in sex or species as well as the difference in STZ and curcumin dosage and/or duration, and even the type of diabetes. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and diabetes mellitus.