GFAP and diabetes mellitus: In the present study, curcumin could attenuate the astrocytosis induced by diabetes, similar to the findings of Daverey and Agrawal (Daverey and Agrawal, 2020) who reported the role of Curcumin in the down-regulation of the hypoxia-induced astrocytosis as demonstrated by the expression of GFAP, in white matter hypoxic injury (WMI), and similar to the results of Yardim et al. (2021), as they described the role of curcumin in reducing astrocytosis in the spinal cord of Paclitaxel-treated rats.