On the other hand, the control of cancer by adaptive immunity involves some well-defined clearance and death mechanisms when tumor necrosis factor in combination with interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) drives cancer into senescence by inducing permanent growth arrest in the G1/G0 phase and activation of CDKN2A to drive expression of the gnathostome 40 large T antigen (Tag) expressed under the control of the rat insulin promoter32. Here, TNF is linked to cancer.