In this study, we explored the role of CDK5 in BPD‐associated cognitive deficits and explored the possible downstream signaling of hippocampus CDK5 mediating BPD‐associated cognitive impairments, revealing that Roscovitine treatment can effectively improve BPD‐related learning and memory dysfunction, which might provide an alternative strategy for the treatment of cognitive deficits in BPD. The gene discussed is CDK5; the disease is bronchopulmonary dysplasia.