Zhang et al. found that tRF-03357 promoted the migration and invasion of SK-OV-3 cells, an ovarian cancer (OVCA) cell line [75], while Mo et al. showed that tRF-17 affected breast cancer cell invasion and migration by regulating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling [76] (Fig. 1a). This evidence concerns the gene SMAD3 and breast carcinoma.