TGF-β, on the other hand, acts as a tumor suppressor at the early stage of pancreatic carcinogenesis but promotes cancer progression later on.385 In detail, the activation of TGF-β forms the SMAD2/3/4 complex, which regulates the cell cycle, apoptosis, and differentiation to prevent carcinogenesis. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.