TNF and myopia: Among them, CCL2, IL-6, IL-17, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway are closely related to the intestinal flora,[41] and these inflammatory factors and signaling pathways are precisely the pathological factors and signaling pathways of myopia, so changes in the intestinal flora may produce inflammatory responses through these inflammatory factors and signaling pathways and affect the development and progression of myopia.