CD4 and Sepsis: As mentioned above, the NF-κB pathway is able to regulate cell apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and polarization of macrophages and CD4+ T cells (Ekambaram et al., 2018; Kumar et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2022; Xu et al., 2022), which are critical mechanisms of sepsis (Cecconi et al., 2018).