Macrophages can be polarized into two different phenotypes, M1 and M2 macrophages, among which M1 macrophages mainly secrete cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1 to induce inflammation, thus protecting against microbiome infection, whereas M2 macrophages exert protection against parasitic infection and wound healing effects (Wang et al., 2019). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is parasitic infectious disease.