INS and diabetes mellitus: However, in T2DM, other factors than glycemic control and longer duration of diabetes may affect fracture risk and should be considered, such as diabetic neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy [17], and glucose-lowering agents, such as insulin and thiazolidinediones, which are associated with either a higher risk of hypoglycemia-induced falls and bone loss, respectively, and therefore contribute to an increased risk of fracture [18,19].