CTLA4 and melanoma: During the subsequent development of clinical immunotherapy, two CTLA-4 blockade antibodies, ipilimumab and tremelimumab, have been tested in many types of human tumors, and their treatment efficacy has been reported in melanoma (34, 35), non-small-cell lung cancer (36), mesothelioma (37), prostate cancer (38), breast cancer (39) and urothelial cancer (40).