BRAF and cancer: Most abnormally expressed regulatory genes, including B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p110 alpha (PIK3CA), are either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes involved in the onset and development of cancer (8).