PTEN and neoplasm: Large-scale molecular profiling studies have also identified different genetic and epigenetic aberration profiles that may be employed for tumor classification, such as mutations in B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) gene, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) gene, tumor protein p53 (TP53), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter, as well as amplifications of proto-oncogenes, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) [16].