GNB1 and stroke disorder: By using GWAS analysis, Hsieh, C. S et al first identified deletions in chromosomal regions 1p36.32-1p36.33, 5p15.33, 8q24.3 and 19p13.3 and amplifications in 14q11.2 that were significantly associated with AF-related stroke and GNB1, PRKCZ, and GNG7 genes related to the alpha-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway that play a major role in determining the risk of an AF-related stroke [11].