APOL1 and Nephropathy: Although kidney transplantation seems to be the preferred treatment for patients with APOL1-associated nephropathy, it was found that Black donor kidneys were at a higher rate of failure after transplantation as compared with donors from other races.45 Retrospective studies46 acknowledge that the variation in donor APOL1 genotypes and not the Black ancestry is in fact responsible for the shorter allograft survival.