IGF1 and cancer: In addition, activation of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway leads to tumorigenesis in a variety of cancers, including liver cancer, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) induces cancer-specific cellular senescence by inhibiting this signaling pathway (Akiel et al., 2017; Karagiannis et al., 2019; Kotsantis et al., 2019).