Although many studies on AAT therapy have focused on α1-antitrypsin deficiency-related lung disease (Miravitlles et al., 2017; McEnery et al., 2022), other studies have demonstrated that AAT is also effective in treating type 1 diabetes and ischemic stroke damage (Guttman et al., 2014; Moldthan et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene SERPINA1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.