Furthermore, the addition of the mTOR inhibitor in a melanoma patient treated with PD-1 blockade could promote ongoing anti-PD-1 efficacy and reduce levels of irAE-related cytokines/chemokines (e.g., IL-5, IL-17, and CXCL10) (Esfahani et al., 2019a). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is melanoma.