LCN2 is highly expressed in the skin lesions and the serum of patients with psoriasis (El-Hadidi et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2019) and can inhibit the synthesis of keratin, involucrin, and loricrin in KCs, leading to epidermal parakeratosis via the Tcf7L1-lipocalin 2 signaling axis. Here, IVL is linked to psoriasis.