Additionally, studies have shown that lncRNAs play a variety of roles in the development of ccRCC, including upregulating lncRNA PVT1 and activating the HIF2α pathway to promote the growth and progression of ccRCC cells, as well as lncRNA HCG18, which promotes ccRCC migration and transfer by modulating the miR-152-3/RAB14 axis [21, 22]. This evidence concerns the gene EPAS1 and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.