Although overactivation of NF-κB has been considered one of the mechanisms involved in the pro-inflammatory state of the brain of schizophrenia patients [63], a strict correlation between NF-κB expression and neuroinflammation in schizophrenia patients is difficult to establish due to the high complexity non-canonical and canonical upstream activators of NF-κB and its regulation. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and schizophrenia.