TRAF6 (and to a lesser extent TRAF2-5) is also known to act as a point of convergence for multiple breast cancer-driver signal transduction pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Toll-like receptor (TLR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), NFκB, Ras/Src Family Kinases, and members of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) family1,2,7,15,16. Here, NFKB1 is linked to breast carcinoma.