Loci unique to analyses of unindexed LVM appeared primarily enriched for genes associated with body size (e.g., FTO, HMGA2, GDF5), although FTO has also been implicated in HF13 and CDKN1A has been associated with DCM in a recent multi-trait analysis14 (Supplementary Table 4 and Supplementary Fig. 3). Here, FTO is linked to familial dilated cardiomyopathy.