Furthermore, none of the newer anthropometric measures showed the same association between greater adiposity and a lower risk of cardiovascular and all-cause death as was seen with BMI when adjusted for conventional risk variables (but not NT-proBNP); additional adjustment for NT-proBNP eliminated any suggestion of an ‘obesity-survival paradox’ with BMI. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.