HMOX1 and cytomegalovirus infection: In an earlier report, HCMV infection induced Nrf2, which was primarily cytoplasmic with limited translocation into the nucleus, along with a distinct pattern of transcription of Nrf2-induced ARE genes, HMOX1, GCLC, and NQO1. Our data corroborate a prior study showing GCLC is upregulated by HCMV at both mRNA and protein levels with concomitant increase in glutathione (GSH) levels.