Incubation of mouse aortas with IL-1β (10 ng/mL, 24 h) induced endothelial dysfunction, while cotreatment with the TLR4 antagonist improved ACh-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation (Figure 1G); however, IL-1β did not affect the response to K-KHS, regardless of the presence or absence of CLI-095 (data not shown). Here, TLR4 is linked to endothelial dysfunction.