In AD, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α, and IFNγ, have been observed in both patients and AD experimental models in rodents (Alvarez et al., 2007; Bronzuoli et al., 2016; Wu et al., 2018; Jensen et al., 2019; Hashiguchi et al., 2020; Li et al., 2020; Liu et al., 2020). Here, TNF is linked to Alzheimer disease.