Sevoflurane induced tau phosphorylation at Ser202 and Thr205 residues in neurons, and tau was transmitted from neurons to microglia via extracellular vesicles (EV) or non-EV pathways, activating the NF-kB signaling pathway and leading to IL-6 generation and cognitive impairment (Dong et al., 2021). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is Cognitive impairment.