To corroborate the expression of risk genes in HCC, qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression of genes related to mitophagy (G6PD, KIF20A, SLC1A5, TPX2, ANXA10, TRNP1, ADH4, CYP2C9, CFHR3, and SPP1). Here, SPP1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.