In the case of hepatic expression of chemokines, remarkable increases in mRNA levels of C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), CCL3, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) and CXCL16 were found in the WD group compared to those in the NC group (Figure 6F). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL9 and Wilson disease.