In addition, a previous study has indicated that CCH can increase amyloid-β deposition in the intracellular compartment as well as NLRP3, activated caspase-1 and IL-1β expressions in the hippocampus and thalamus, potentially contributing to the development of AD (Shang et al., 2019). Here, NLRP3 is linked to columnar cell hyperplasia of the breast.