Further Mip targeting inhibitors such as cycloheximide, pipecolic acid, as well as non-immunosuppressive FK506 derivatives independently corroborated the observation of moonlighting activities of Mip in fundamental processes of infection (Scheuplein et al., 2020; Rasch et al., 2015; Rasch et al., 2014; Juli et al., 2011; Pomplun et al., 2018; Ünal and Steinert, 2014). Here, MIP is linked to infection.