IL10 and colitis: For example, two chemokines produced by MSCs (and non-cultured pericytes as well), CCL2 and CXCL12, have been shown to form a dimer that contribute to the acquisition of an interleukin 10 (IL-10) producing M2 phenotype by macrophages in experimentally induced colitis in mice, with consequent secretion of IL-10 by bystander T and B cells (Giri et al., 2020).