KEGG pathways were analysed with a redundancy cut-off of 0.7, 17 pathways were statistically significant (FDR < 0.05) ‘PPAR signalling pathway’, ‘Adipocytokine signalling pathway’, ‘Thyroid hormone signalling pathway’, ‘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, ‘Insulin resistance’ and ‘Lipid and atherosclerosis’(data not shown). Here, INS is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.