Some potential molecular targets of β-cell failure have been identified including BACH2 [14], MST1 [15], GSK3 [16], PDX1 [16], P2RY1 [17], PHLPP [18], Pdia4 [2], etc. Among them, Pdia4 was the only target whose deficiency could reverse diabetes [2]. This evidence concerns the gene PDIA4 and diabetes mellitus.