Recently, cancer immunotherapy targeting PCD-1 or PD-L1 has proven effective in causing durable antitumor immune responses with less toxicity in many types of tumors, the authors believe that PCD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy will be the major cancer immunotherapy method in the next few years, even though there is still much to be learned about this signaling pathway. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is cancer.