TLR4 and liver disorder: Also, LMM-HA, but not HMM-HA, induces the interaction between CD44 and TLR2/4 in breast tumor cells to promote invasion and cytokine production.58,59 In HSCs, LMM-HA induces HSC activation through CD44 and TLR4, whereas HMM-HA suppresses or has less effect on HSC activation.4 More studies are required to determine molecular size-dependent HA, its receptor binding, and signaling-mediated actions in liver disease.