Univariate analysis revealed that positive non-Jo-1 antibodies (odds ratio (OR): 4.643, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.204–17.903, p = 0.026), NLR (OR: 5.20, 95% CI: 1.652–16.369, p = 0.005), serum LDH (OR: 3.143, 95% CI: 1.042–9.477, p = 0.042), DLCO%pred (OR: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.136–10.779, p = 0.029), serum KL-6 (OR: 14.655, 95% CI: 1.819–118.074, p = 0.012), reticular opacities (OR: 4.375, 95% CI: 1.274–15.029, p = 0.019), and CS monotherapy (OR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.392–13.912, p = 0.012) were risk factors for PPF in patients with ASS-ILD. The gene discussed is MUC1; the disease is interstitial lung disease.