The chosen studies consisted of seven datasets for RA (4 PBMC; 2 WB; 1 CD4 T and B cells) and 7 for SLE (4 PBMC; 2 WB; and 1 CD4 T and B cells), which included 580 samples for RA (415 RA patients and 165 controls) and 508 for SLE (317 SLE patients and 191 controls) as shown in Fig 1. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.