IHC analysis showed a high level of cytosol-localized TBK1 in 76.4% (139/182) of the ICC and 85.0% (34/40) of the ECC compared to the nontumor tissues (P < 0.001; Fig. 1D, and Supplementary Fig. 1B, C). This evidence concerns the gene TBK1 and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.