To explore whether the JAK-STAT pathway is activated upon viral infection, we first identified six core genes (JAK, tyrosine kinase 2 [TYK2], STAT5B, signal-transducing adapter molecule [STAM], tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 [PTPN2], protein inhibitor of activated STAT [PIAS]) in this pathway based on insect transcriptome data. Here, PTPN2 is linked to viral infectious disease.