The effect of aminophylline therapy was reflected in decreased levels of the observed markers: for ARDS/AMINO vs. ARDS group: IL-8 (p = 0.0042), IL-6 (p = 0.0013), TNFα (p < 0.0001), IL-1β (p = 0.0659), IL-10 (p = 0.0140), IL-13 (p = 0.0240), IL-18 (p = 0.0007), RAGE (p = 0.0003), S1P (p = 0.0047), nitrite/nitrate (p = 0.0003), nitrite (p = 0.0363). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and acute respiratory distress syndrome.