A recent meta-analysis showed that among IIM, DM subtype, older age, male sex, dysphagia, cutaneous ulceration and anti-transcriptional intermediary factor-1 gamma(anti-TIF1-γ) positivity were all associated with significantly increased risk of cancer, while PM and clinically amyopathic DM(ADM) subtypes, Raynaud’s phenomenon, interstitial lung disease, very high serum creatine kinase or lactate dehydrogenase levels, and anti-Jo1 or anti-EJ positivity were associated with reduced risk (23). This evidence concerns the gene TRIM33 and cancer.