Furthermore CD8+ T cells from cirrhotic patients displayed high HLA-DR, T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression associated with concomitant infections and disease severity (Lebossé et al., 2019). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is infection.