We found that the TR flow rate (m/s), NT-proBNP (pg/ml), VAP, days of FiO2 > 0.4, red blood cell suspension infusion volume (ml/kg), and proportion of infants who received total enteral nutrition (120 kcal/kg.d) ≥24 d after birth were practical risk factors contributing to the development of BPD. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.