Other preclinical studies have also shown that genetic suppression or pharmacologic inhibition of VCP limits cell viability and/or induces apoptosis in breast cancer [55], human choriocarcinoma [58], multiple myeloma [59], non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [60], esophageal carcinoma [61], and ovarian cancer [62]. Here, VCP is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.