Consistently, we did reveal the upregulation of TLR4, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, enhanced cleavage of GSDMD, IL-1β and IL-18, and increased release of IL-1β and IL-18 in serum and CD14+ monocytes of pneumonia-induced sepsis patients comparing to pneumonia individuals without sepsis and healthy controls, shedding light on the importance of macrophage pyroptosis in the clinical pathogenesis of sepsis. Here, IL18 is linked to pneumonia.