Analogous results—significant induction of ERV3-1 and HERV-K but not HERV-E or HERV-W—were observed in the C4-2B model, demonstrating that this response occurs in both androgen-dependent (LNCaP) and androgen-independent (C4-2B) models of prostate cancer (Fig. 4C; Supplementary Fig. S3D). Here, ERVW-1 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.