Such divergent roles of XIST in cancer development and progression may reflect the fact that XIST functions as a major molecular sponge to repress a plethora of oncogenic or tumor suppressive microRNAs (miRNAs) and lncRNAs, leading to suppression or promotion of tumor growth and metastatic progression in a highly context-dependent manner [27–29]. The gene discussed is XIST; the disease is neoplasm.