Future studies will be necessary to define the functional significance and underlying mechanisms of other tumor supportive cytokines/chemokines (i.e., IL1A/B, LIF, G/M-CSF and CXCL2/3) and inflammatory proteins (i.e., S100P and S100A9) in mediating XIST regulation of tumor growth and CSC activity. Here, XIST is linked to neoplasm.