TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: It is established that there is a low incidence rate of developing new-onset IBD or exacerbating preexisting IBD with anti-IL-17 therapy.36 In generally, patients with IBD who discontinue anti-TNF therapy tend to experience a clinical relapse.36–39 As this study included patients with history of IBD who were previously on anti-TNF therapy and then switched to secukinumab, it is possible that they experienced a relapse of IBD after discontinuation of anti-TNF therapy, which then led to discontinuation of secukinumab.