These data, together with the strong association between pathologic response and long-term RFS (Menzies et al., 2021), highlighted the possibility of de-escalating neoadjuvant therapy in patients with a high IFN-γ score, and emphasized the need for more effective neoadjuvant treatment combinations for patients with low IFN-γ scores in their tumor. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is neoplasm.